tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26926749457652108122024-03-14T03:30:37.889-07:00Oregon State University Cereal CentralOSU Cereal Central is all about getting the knowledge a grower needs for growing wheat, barley, canola, and other cereals in the dryland farming region of the Pacific Northwest. It is an educational effort of OSU Extension.Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.comBlogger72125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-52045382659227330202012-11-13T15:20:00.000-08:002012-11-13T22:34:16.035-08:00Cereal Seminar at Farm Fair<!--[if !mso]>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">We are excited to announce that the Columbia Basin Cereal Seminar and Sustainable Ag Forum is joining forces with the Farm Fair and Trade Show in Hermiston this November 29</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 7.3259pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><sup>th</sup></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> to present a full day of cereal educational presentations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cereal sessions will feature topics about diseases, insects, and production practices for both dryland and irrigated cereal producers from cereal experts from Oregon and Washington. Get the latest information as researchers and extension specialists share results from 2012 field trials along with the latest information on new variety development and a variety of other topics.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you have not ever attended the</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-weight: bold; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> Hermiston Farm Fair and Trade Show – </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">it will run from Wednesday, November 28, through Friday, November 30, 2012 at the Hermiston Conference Center, 415 S. Hwy 395. The Farm Fair is an agricultural forum co-sponsored by OSU Extension Service, the Agriculture Committee and the Greater Hermiston Chamber of Commerce. More than 50 agriculture-related businesses from around the region will be displaying their wares and services, both inside and outside the Conference Center. Agriculture-related seminars are offered all three days.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Potato Production Seminar is all day Wednesday on the main stage. The General Session will run concurrently in the Altrusa Room. As mentioned, Thursday the Cereal Session will cover wheat and corn on the main stage. Thursday morning in the Altrusa room in the General Session continues. Pesticide Core credits can be earned Thursday afternoon and Friday morning. Friday morning the general Pesticide Session will have pesticide recertification credits on the main stage.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All sessions are free to attendees except for a $10.00 fee for Core Programs. No pre-registration is required. Oregon, Washington and Idaho pesticide recertification credits will be available, in addition to CCA credits. An at-a-glance agenda is available and a full <a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/cereal-newsletter" target="_blank">Farm Fair agenda</a> with pesticide credit hours will be available by mid to late November.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Hermiston Farm Fair Banquet will be held on Thursday night at Desert River Inn. Dinner will be prime rib, $25 per person. A no-host social hour will begin the evening at 6:00 p.m. Entertainment will be by the Buttercreek Boys. Tickets are available from the Hermiston Chamber of Commerce. </span></div>
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Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-4427262314289189212012-09-05T16:59:00.002-07:002012-09-05T16:59:56.597-07:00Early seeding canola -follow up question<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One of our blog readers asked the question, "How did the rains and temperatures affect the results in 2011?"</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">The following is Don Wysocki's reply:</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">In my opinion, results
of early planted winter canola are subject to the same variation that wheat yields are
each year. The 2011 harvest was a good year for yield. The 2012 harvest year was not
quite so good, but still a good year.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The difference in early
versus Sept 1 planting is the ability to get a consistent stand. The early
planting does not increase yield over a September 1 planting if the September 1
planting establishes and has an adequate stand. It is just that its much
more difficult to get a stand September 1 than it is June 15.
We see yield potential loss after September 20 even with good stands. The
two most important factors for canola yield are </span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">stand establishment and </span></li>
<li><span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">bloom period. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Planting early gets over the first. Mother
nature is still in charge on bloom and available water for the crop.</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Sincerely, Don </span></div>
Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-34026265740409223722012-08-29T11:54:00.000-07:002012-08-29T11:54:16.819-07:00New OSU wheat releases & yield trials<!--[if !mso]>
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<br />
<h1 style="line-height: 114%; margin-top: 3.0pt; mso-pagination: lines-together widow-orphan; page-break-after: avoid;">
<span lang="en-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 15.0pt; language: en-US; line-height: 114%; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">New OSU Variety Releases Kaseberg and Ladd</span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/sites/default/files/cereals/kaseberg_flyer.pdf" target="_blank"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-weight: bold; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-bidi-language: ar-SA; mso-ligatures: none; mso-oriya-font-family: Kalinga;">Kaseberg</span></a><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-bidi-language: ar-SA; mso-ligatures: none; mso-oriya-font-family: Kalinga;"> is a 2012 soft white winter wheat release. It is primarily adapted to dryland and irrigated production areas of western and eastern Oregon, southeastern and south central Washington. Its strengths are excellent yield potential across a range of rainfall zones, resistant to current races of stripe rust at a level similar to Skiles, medium stature, a maturity date similar to Legion and Skiles, and to top it all off – excellent milling and baking quality for our end customers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-bidi-language: ar-SA; mso-ligatures: none; mso-oriya-font-family: Kalinga;">Weaknesses of note for Kaseberg is that it is similar to Stephens in the disease package – it is susceptible to strawbreaker footrot, Cephalosporium stripe, Fusarium crown rot, and Soilborne Wheat Mosaic Virus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/sites/default/files/cereals/ladd_flyer.pdf" target="_blank"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-weight: bold; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-bidi-language: ar-SA; mso-ligatures: none; mso-oriya-font-family: Kalinga;">Ladd</span></a><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-bidi-language: ar-SA; mso-ligatures: none; mso-oriya-font-family: Kalinga;"> is a second new soft white winter wheat release for OSU in 2012. It is primarily adapted to dryland and irrigated production areas of eastern Oregon and southeastern and south central Washington. It is an excellent yielder under irrigation and high rainfall. It is resistant to Soilborne Wheat Mosaic Virus, and strawbreaker footrot. It is moderately resistant to current races of stripe rust – similar to Legion. It is short stature with a maturity similar to Tubbs 06. Both new releases are open releases with PVP pending.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-top: 3.0pt; mso-pagination: none;">
<span lang="en-US" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 15.0pt; font-weight: bold; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-arabic-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-cyrillic-font-family: Arial; mso-default-font-family: Arial; mso-greek-font-family: Arial; mso-hebrew-font-family: Arial; mso-latin-font-family: Arial; mso-latinext-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;">2012 Oregon Soft White Winter Elite Yield Trials</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBc2rTY4ecll_sZr-C8y6Zzkpo-U4EvfgluXw8wkjNYKuxerMLfrMIORPINJZZEX6erpK5sfKl7Y3o1AD5SN3lv6gfGraDGiyF3muQcgpxFy0rrEWWjf4YPHdx_rlBMjonXrC7GDLftWgs/s1600/12+08+19_4695.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBc2rTY4ecll_sZr-C8y6Zzkpo-U4EvfgluXw8wkjNYKuxerMLfrMIORPINJZZEX6erpK5sfKl7Y3o1AD5SN3lv6gfGraDGiyF3muQcgpxFy0rrEWWjf4YPHdx_rlBMjonXrC7GDLftWgs/s320/12+08+19_4695.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jacob & Micheal Hales celebrate successful harvest!!</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">On my <a href="http://www.cerealcentral.com/" target="_blank">website</a>, you will find yield trial results from across the region, and it is updated with new information as it is available. For Umatilla County there is excellent info from an irrigated trial in Hermiston, and dryland trials from east of Pendleton and east of Milton Freewater. The Rugg site did not have any irrigation before or during the season. The Milton Freewater site is a new location. The notes on each location are important for putting the data in perspective. The severe lodging and late season lodging impacted yields at the Milton Freewater site, while the Hermiston location had very little stripe rust. The Hermiston site was impacted by Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus. If you are planning to seed early this fall, I recommend seed treatment for the control of aphids as BYDV can have a significant impact on yields. We have seen increased fall flights of aphids with the increased acreages of field corn in the area and would expect that trend to continue if we have an open and extended fall.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11pt;">Result from my Drill Strip Variety trial at Hales near Midway will also be available online and are in my newsletter that we are mailing hard copies of today.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span></div>
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Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-23404241841143257832012-08-28T16:50:00.003-07:002012-08-28T16:50:53.267-07:00Early seeded canola gains traction in Oregon<!--[if !mso]>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Early seeded canola – now why didn’t I think of that? Thankfully, Oregon State University Soil Scientist Don Wysocki has never given up on canola, even when acreages dropped and prices were in the tank. The result of his dedication, and perhaps just plain stubbornness, is the idea of seeding winter canola in June, instead of August and September, and this idea has gotten some traction in the region.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt;"> Don first seeded canola in June and again in July of 2010 in a trial at Pendleton on non-irrigated land. He presented his research trials testing the idea in June 2011, and has continued the research project in 2012.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Preliminary results from the 2010-11 trial were promising with the June seeding yielding in the 2500-3000 lb. range. The June 17</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 7.1261pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><sup>th</sup></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> seeding had a good stand, while the July 7</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 7.1261pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><sup>th</sup></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> seeding had a spotty stand but still resulted in positive yields. These results confirmed again what Don already knew – that if you can get a stand established before September 20</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 7.1261pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><sup>th</sup></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> you general will have a good yield. Delay seeding until October 1</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 7.1261pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><sup>st</sup></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> waiting for moisture and the yield potential drops by 30%. This research vastly expands the window for successful seeding winter canola. Fields generally have good soil moisture in June.</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These preliminary results have resulted in some growers experimenting with the idea in their fields. We have observed a few things to date worthy of note:</span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: black; direction: ltr; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; language: x-none; unicode-bidi: embed;"></span><span style="width: 8.5pt;"></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">A uniform stand is desirable, but plants in an erratic stand have the ability to branch and fill in over time. Average plant populations as low as 2 plants/sq. ft. can produce full yields when planted early.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stands of 4 plants/sq. ft. are ideal,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: black; direction: ltr; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; language: x-none; unicode-bidi: embed;"></span><span style="width: 8.5pt;"></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">There is no effective broad leaf weed control in canola, so time of early planting and field selection are important.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The target is to plant while there is still good seed zone water, but avoid the flush of Russian thistle or kochia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also avoid fields where these weeds have been a significant problem,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: black; direction: ltr; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; language: x-none; unicode-bidi: embed;"></span><span style="width: 8.5pt;"></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">Aphids may buildup in the summer or fall – but no treatment is recommended because those leaves will be lost during the winter any way,</span></li>
<li><span style="color: black; direction: ltr; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; language: x-none; unicode-bidi: embed;"></span><span style="width: 8.5pt;"></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">Flea beetles may be a problem at emergence, an insecticide seed treatment is an inexpensive method to avoid this, and</span></li>
<li><span style="color: black; direction: ltr; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; language: x-none; unicode-bidi: embed;"></span><span style="width: 8.5pt;"></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">When planting, </span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none; text-decoration: underline; text-underline: single;">be sure</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"> to plant winter type canola that has a vernalization requirement so bolting and bloom does not occur until after the winter period.</span></li>
</ul>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Research has shown over the years that canola in a wheat fallow rotation has benefits for breaking disease cycles and provides an opportunity to do weed control of grassy weeds. With higher prices and a less risky seeding window, we may continue to see canola acreage increase around the area. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; font-style: italic; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">~Mary K Corp & Don Wysocki</span></div>
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<span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; font-style: italic;">For more information on canola - check out this Extension publication: <a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pdf/em/em8955-e.pdf" target="_blank">Canola Production Guide</a></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 10.6999pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"></span></div>
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Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-83563162331497425902012-08-02T11:22:00.002-07:002012-08-02T11:22:19.024-07:00Wheat variety trials updatesYield results from the OSU statewide variety trials continue to come in. Results from the Lexington site are now available at <a href="http://www.cerealcentral.com/" target="_blank">my Cereal Central website.</a><br />
<br />
As a clarification on last week's post, it appears that I misspoke and that indeed the trials at Hermiston did not include an insecticide in the seed treatment. If you are seeding early in the fall, I do recommend using an insecticide treatment on your seed.<br />
<br />
The last couple of years we have seen an increase of aphid flights. With the increase of corn fields distributed widely throughout the irrigated acres in the region- we are likely to see continuing pressure from aphids which act as transmitters of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus.Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-40465310073381355982012-07-23T15:33:00.000-07:002012-07-23T15:37:08.456-07:00Thunderstorms and lightning impact area farms<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvkolnXxcCjH0Aq1pnoe9Pjv6NHHkSavQ3hPdoYHgBQvGEpvJ92Tgd8uk9RqBnIW5hToGv-UWAjEgXfjw2sbT9fKNb02i_llVeQqH_Cf94v_7ZxDmkR-4-P0tU3MCDN1nv6YYcGH2J6V6R/s1600/12+07+19_4381.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvkolnXxcCjH0Aq1pnoe9Pjv6NHHkSavQ3hPdoYHgBQvGEpvJ92Tgd8uk9RqBnIW5hToGv-UWAjEgXfjw2sbT9fKNb02i_llVeQqH_Cf94v_7ZxDmkR-4-P0tU3MCDN1nv6YYcGH2J6V6R/s200/12+07+19_4381.JPG" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Helix City Hall, Helix, Oregon</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3JA8sdINiwxJLkFPMvHJc10X7vL3t8q0dFdaAdmbOoBqY0HtoAMNtha589AE7_eHB2mVqFBIeMzhQ2x46n8jd683tLKWSIeUAmo1LjFNWKmw7zIfuwgiwvis-i1vwz9ZzkTRFhgVQPpYK/s1600/12+07+19_4374.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3JA8sdINiwxJLkFPMvHJc10X7vL3t8q0dFdaAdmbOoBqY0HtoAMNtha589AE7_eHB2mVqFBIeMzhQ2x46n8jd683tLKWSIeUAmo1LjFNWKmw7zIfuwgiwvis-i1vwz9ZzkTRFhgVQPpYK/s200/12+07+19_4374.JPG" width="133" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fallow field erosion</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Last week's thunderstorms and lightning impacted area farms in Umatilla County. Fields north of Pendleton had erosion in sheets which is very unusual, and also following the tillage lines which is more common.<br />
As fallow fields this time of year have been tilled and prepped for fall seeding, the level of residue left on the soil surface offers little protection from the type of deluge of rain that a thunderstorm cell drops on a concentrated area.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiDpOsImFeLlmd5iFe2cYAcKI91wFTHmC9AtjDqolgpbpe29Svn01pMDs9nNxRiIhZQiSoIscnCdEUpzzZHvMQPkETKP-w26x2tuDbKW0ZkQ8_8lJALN1BRQh87kRPLh8k00HNDNLbjSOX/s1600/12+07+19_4388.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiDpOsImFeLlmd5iFe2cYAcKI91wFTHmC9AtjDqolgpbpe29Svn01pMDs9nNxRiIhZQiSoIscnCdEUpzzZHvMQPkETKP-w26x2tuDbKW0ZkQ8_8lJALN1BRQh87kRPLh8k00HNDNLbjSOX/s320/12+07+19_4388.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiDpOsImFeLlmd5iFe2cYAcKI91wFTHmC9AtjDqolgpbpe29Svn01pMDs9nNxRiIhZQiSoIscnCdEUpzzZHvMQPkETKP-w26x2tuDbKW0ZkQ8_8lJALN1BRQh87kRPLh8k00HNDNLbjSOX/s1600/12+07+19_4388.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>In the rolling hills of our dryland farming area, the water, surface residue(straw pieces from last year's crop), and soil ends up collecting in roadside ditches and concentrating into significant amounts as the city of Helix can attest to.... In the case of thunderstorms - the rate and intensity of the downpour overwhelm the soils ability of capture the water and thus the fields at the heart of the storm saw some significant levels of soil loss.<br />
On my drive home Friday, I was watch yet another thunderstorm and lightning event. The lightning started a fire in a field of wheat causing about $30,000 in losses according to local new media.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1scd7YDoO93KHl54bBvmeagRW9Z7BI8B4zbdaY-JQ9MJXmTvAx7Lz9rJxFoi-94QuoNKF5rIPQ791HWV4HCGWE2HjcG1KO_f2dnhtzqG4c34CMAEhSGcSrwwz4cJ8WhZdP8pgvQFfmf8v/s1600/12+07+19_4412.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1scd7YDoO93KHl54bBvmeagRW9Z7BI8B4zbdaY-JQ9MJXmTvAx7Lz9rJxFoi-94QuoNKF5rIPQ791HWV4HCGWE2HjcG1KO_f2dnhtzqG4c34CMAEhSGcSrwwz4cJ8WhZdP8pgvQFfmf8v/s200/12+07+19_4412.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
To finish the day, a double rainbow appeared during my evening walk...which really explains without words why I love living here in eastern Oregon...for life is certainly never boring, and if you don't like the weather, just wait an hour and it will change. <br />
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Cheers, MaryMary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-2058377589632250752012-07-23T14:46:00.000-07:002012-07-23T14:53:15.660-07:00Yield results from Oregon State University Statewide Variety testing<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYLefNU2rkSWIjTkZFCUxlFtDBV4VzsEdMrKydfUyWoxYv8LpOtcEjSBLrM1IBK6BR2rA3H0QlLCxAzGHq2mWOJAFyTxP3wrBQx1bzegO9E5f9fb8xsiFbHgijQPF2m5dIo81HhahvUj5I/s1600/12+06+12_field+days_4135.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYLefNU2rkSWIjTkZFCUxlFtDBV4VzsEdMrKydfUyWoxYv8LpOtcEjSBLrM1IBK6BR2rA3H0QlLCxAzGHq2mWOJAFyTxP3wrBQx1bzegO9E5f9fb8xsiFbHgijQPF2m5dIo81HhahvUj5I/s200/12+06+12_field+days_4135.JPG" width="133" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">The harvest results are starting to come in from the 2012 OSU Statewide Wheat Variety Testing program. The first results are from the Hermiston Research and Extension Center. These trials are for soft white and hard winter varieties. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrm8HD4rya3COHQc3iEKdg0XM6MsMpEC-HncFNrt3s7VdlN4IdGQobE6u1v4gkOrKryX_yQFAJhU9TVvdDChMWs5yFObhR4DxVPSnWAreu2aFc4XdXEtI-wDPYJXJwsk0ol4Mc-GmlyMU9/s1600/12+06+12_field+days_4137.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrm8HD4rya3COHQc3iEKdg0XM6MsMpEC-HncFNrt3s7VdlN4IdGQobE6u1v4gkOrKryX_yQFAJhU9TVvdDChMWs5yFObhR4DxVPSnWAreu2aFc4XdXEtI-wDPYJXJwsk0ol4Mc-GmlyMU9/s200/12+06+12_field+days_4137.JPG" width="133" /></a><span style="font-size: small;">There was a severe and uniform infection of barley yellow dwarf virus at the Hermiston site which significantly reduced grain yields, plant height, and maturity.There were some visual differences in the disease expression seen during the Wheat Field Day early this year. While the seed was treated with an insecticide at planting, with a long open fall with significant aphid pressure the seed treatment did not last long enough to prevent infection last fall.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">OR08047P94 tops the list for the second year in a row, and "Mary" makes a good showing after being rank 11th last year. </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">We will be posting the variety trial results on my website <a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/cereals" target="_blank">OSU CerealCentral</a> as they are available. So be watch for future updates.</span></span></span><br />
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</div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-85130403577800482722012-06-29T10:56:00.000-07:002012-06-29T10:56:48.407-07:00Stripe Rust Update with a focus on Spring Wheat<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjgdZLdj5REXLUmCVr09Z3Zop_DraavbyDbWlmNxpWa8i50GDahlF7dWzCpyMUfTbGGWL9ZVbZ_Ct5E35aOfZY9fkC17pWAP1qWV46GoSlD2avDc4FAxzUysFr5G8HlvJ-grnVyOLwheOz/s1600/12+06+11_field+days_4186.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjgdZLdj5REXLUmCVr09Z3Zop_DraavbyDbWlmNxpWa8i50GDahlF7dWzCpyMUfTbGGWL9ZVbZ_Ct5E35aOfZY9fkC17pWAP1qWV46GoSlD2avDc4FAxzUysFr5G8HlvJ-grnVyOLwheOz/s400/12+06+11_field+days_4186.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dr. Chris Mundt speaks on stripe rust resistance at the Pendleton Field Day, June, 2012 </td></tr>
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With winter wheat headed into it's final stages of maturity in dryland regions of eastern Oregon, we may see some stripe rust develop on the wheat heads, but the impact of this type of infection is less likely to impact yields and we are well past our application window for fungicides. <b> </b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>Stripe rust on spring wheat is still a factor to be considered as noted in Dr. Chen's latest report. </b>He notes that we have reached middle jointing (Feekes 5) to
flowering (Feekes 10.5) in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
In his experimental fields, stripe rust had reached 50% severity near Wall
Walla and 30% near Pullman on highly susceptible varieties by June 27. In
commercial fields, stripe rust was found in much lower levels (1-10% severity
and also incidence). </div>
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The widespread rain on July 26 has created ideal
conditions for stripe rust infection. Such infection should have occurred
since then and will occur at the nights during a week or so as the moist
condition will produce adequate dew on plants for stripe rust to infect at
night. In the next 10 days, the forecasted night temperatures (mostly in
the 50s and low 60s F) will be ideal for stripe rust infection (rust spore
germination and penetration into leaves) and the daytime temperature (mostly in
70s and low 80s F) will be ideal for the fungus to produce spores
(sporulation), especially in the Palouse region and further north and east.
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Under such very favorable moist and temperature conditions, it just
takes about 10 to 14 days for stripe rust fungus to develop from infection to
sporulation. Fungicides should be applied before sporulation occurred on
most leaf surface (using 5% plants infected or 5% leaf surface observed rust as
a general fungicide application guideline). Fields grown with
susceptible and moderately susceptible varieties should be sprayed from now to
before the crop reaching flowering time, the earlier the better as rust
infection has already occurred and the weather will become dryer and warmer in
July. </div>
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<br /></div>
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If a field of susceptible or moderately susceptible variety was
sprayed with fungicide more than three weeks ago and the crop has not passed
flowering stage, a second application may be needed. This year,
high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance in many varieties has worked and
will work better as the weather is relatively warmer than the same period of
last year in most PNW areas. For assisting you to make decision if a fungicide
application is needed or not, I include an early stripe rust note taken
yesterday for spring varieties in the 2012 WSU Wheat Variety Trials grown in
our experimental fields near Pullman. In general, varieties with
infection type (IT) 5 or higher, severity over 10% should be sprayed.
Varieties with ITs 0 to 3 or severity less than 10% may not need spray.
Please check your fields for rust before spray. </div>
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<b>Barley stripe rust</b></div>
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Stripe rust was found on susceptible spring barley entries
in his experimental field near Walla Walla and Pullman. No rust was found
in commercial barley fields. Barley fields may not need fungicide
application as the rust pressure is still low. However, please check your
fields for stripe rust and use the 5% rust level guideline to determine if the
fields need to spray or not during the next two weeks.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>Wheat stripe rust in other states</b></div>
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Dr. Chen also notes that we are not facing the stripe rust problem alone, but are sharing the experience with wheat growing regions across the US and Canada. The widest distribution of wheat stripe rust throughout the
country in recorded history is just like the situation in 2010, from the west
coast to the east coast and from Texas to North Dakota, entering into Alberta
and Ontario, Canada. However, the disease has caused and is continually
causing more damage in North Dakota and eastern Montana than 2010, due to the
high moisture and low temperatures. In these regions, stripe rust has
occasionally showed up and stopped quickly, but the disease has lasted so long
and developed so severe this year. Most wheat-producing areas throughout
the country have got stripe rust levels high enough to justify fungicide
application. </div>
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<br /></div>
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Our greatest thanks to Dr. Chen for providing this excellent summary and timely information!! Mary</div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-41492316130137923372012-06-04T13:34:00.000-07:002012-06-04T13:34:48.317-07:00OSU Field DaysWe started a series of Field Days in Umatilla County, last Friday at the Hermiston Agriculture Research and Extension Center in Hermiston. We looked at a series of different variety trials, plus some other interesting studies being conducted at the experiment station.<br />
<br />
Highlights included a very low level of stripe rust at the location, but a significant level of barley yellow dwarf virus across the plots. There were some notable differences by variety interaction across the different varieties in the expression of BYDV. It will be interesting if it turns into an impact on yield. OSU researchers are also doing some interesting work on soil bourne wheat mosic virus in the Hermiston area, and should have some results to share following harvest.<br />
<br />
Remember all the details for the upcoming field days in Pendleton and Moro are available on my newsletter page on the <a href="http://www.cerealcentral.com/" target="_blank">OSU CerealCentral</a> website.<br />
<br />Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-69693270842239533972012-05-24T15:30:00.001-07:002012-05-24T15:30:45.036-07:00Pacific Northwest stripe rust update<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Stripe
Rust Update, May 23, 2012</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">excerpts from Dr. Xianming
Chen's Report</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wheat
Stripe Rust in eastern Washington and eastern Oregon</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Yesterday,
I was checking wheat fields in Whitman, Columbia, Walla Walla, Benton,
Franklin, and Adams counties of Washington and the Pendleton and Hermiston
areas in Umatilla county of Oregon.<b> </b>Winter wheat ranged from late
jointing (Feekes 9) to flowering (Feekes 10.5) with most fields at boot (Feeks
10) to heading (Feeks 10.2). Spring wheat ranged from not emerged to
early jointing stage (Feekes 4). In Walla Walla Co., stripe rust was
found about four out of ten fields. However, the disease developed to 40%
severity in susceptible spreader rows and some entries in our stripe rust
monitoring nurseries near Walla Walla, where stripe rust was found to be just
started a month ago. In Umatilla Co., stripe rust was found in two fields
near Milton and one field near Pendleton and was not found in about other four
or five fields checked. Very low levels of stripe rust was found in
fields of Pendleton and Hermiston stations. Overall, the incidences (less
than 1% to 5%) and severity (1 to 10%) of stripe rust were low. Most
infected leaves are upper leaves with just a single stripe, and only one
hotspot of 1 foot in diameter with infection from the bottom to the top was
found in a field with plants at flowering stage north of Walla Walla,
indicating overwintering. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Other
Problems</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Physiological
leaf spot (PLS) was a common problem in winter wheat fields in Columbia, Walla
Walla, and Umatilla counties. Crown rot was severe in Horse Heaven
Hills. Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) was common in early planted
fields. Some fields had herbicide damage. These problems caused
spots (PLS), yellowing or dead leaves (crown rot, BYD, herbicide damage) in
patches or stripes in fields, which can be confused with stripe rust in
distance. Please make sure to distinguish them from stripe rust as
fungicides controlling stripe rust have no effect on these problems.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Weather
Conditions Related to Stripe Rust</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
current stripe rust pressure is relatively low, compared to the same time of
both 2010 and 2011, but will increase quickly during the next two to three
weeks based on spore availability and weather conditions in the last three
weeks and forecasted for the next 10 days. The average temperature in May
so far has been and is predicted for the entire May to be lower than normal
(more favorable for infection and little bit less favorable for producing
spores), but the precipitation has been and is predicted to be lower than
normal in May (less favorable for infection). However, the widespread
rains and showers this week should increase stripe rust infection. The
low temperatures this week and forecasted for next week are not high enough for
high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to work at its best.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Recommendation
for Control of Stripe Rust</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Winter
wheat.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
As winter wheat in most fields are approaching flowering stage, from now to
next couple of weeks will be critical for fungicide application. The
previous general recommendation remains the same for wheat cultivars in
different reaction categories. The following winter wheat cultivar in the
susceptible or moderately susceptible categories may need fungicide spray: </span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">AgriPro Paladin, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Eddy, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Esperia, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Whetstone, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Declo, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">WB-Tucson,</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> AP Legacy, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Tubbs
06, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">UICF Brundage (CLEARFIELD®), </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Boundary, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mary (OR2040726), and </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Xerpha. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The
following cultivars in the resistant category may not need fungicide
application: </span><ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Norwest 553, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Legion, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Madsen, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Skiles, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bruehl, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Cara, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Chukar,
and </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Coda. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The following moderately resistant cultivars may or may
not need spray depending upon stripe rust situation: </span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Bauermeister,</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Finley
(used to be susceptible, but was resistant in the last two years due to race
changes, better to spray this year),</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> MDM, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">UICF Grace,</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> UI Silver, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">AP700 CL
(CLEARFIELD®), </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ARS-Amber (ARS960277L), </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Brundage 96, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bruneau, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Eltan, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Masami, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ORCF-102 (CLEARFIELD®), </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ORCF-103 (CLEARFIELD®),</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> Rod, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stephens, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">WB-528,</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> ARS-Chrystal, and </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ARS-Crescent. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It is very important to check
your fields, no matter which categories of the cultivars, and apply a
registered fungicide at the full rate when stripe rust reaches 1 to 5%
incidence with active rust spores. Hopefully, one time application
between boot and flowering stages can provide adequate control, depending upon
the weather conditions in June.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Spring
wheat.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Early planted spring wheat is approaching the stage for herbicide
application. For susceptible and moderately susceptible cultivars (Nick,
Hank, Tara 2002, Macon, Otis, Alpowa, Babe, Bullseye, Hollis, Jefferson, and
Westbred 926), it may be better to spray with fungicide together with herbicide.
For resistant and moderately resistant cultivars (JD, Clear White, Diva,
Louise, Wakanz, Whit, Eden, Buck Pronto, Kelse, Scarlet), it may be unnecessary
to spray with fungicides. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-46810220962030233262012-05-22T12:17:00.002-07:002012-05-22T12:17:50.935-07:00Rain showers in PNW wheat countryThunder and lightning were widespread across the area on Tuesday night, but rainfall amounts from the storm were a mixed bag for wheat growers across the region. The Pendleton Airport report shows only a tenth of an inch of rainfall, yesterday, May 21st.<br />
<br />
<pre><span style="font-size: small;">PRECIPITATION (IN)
YESTERDAY 0.10 0.99 1972 0.04 0.06 T
MONTH TO DATE 0.59 0.87 -0.28 1.55
SINCE OCT 1 10.03 9.93 0.10 13.62
SINCE JAN 1 7.95 5.93 2.02 6.89</span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></pre>
<div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">We will take any rain we can get this time of year, as heads are emerging across much of the region. With last week's warm temperatures and heads emerging, we should see high temperature adult stripe rust resistance kicking in depending on the variety of wheat planted.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Plans are in the works for several Field Days across the region. The first one will be at the Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center (HAREC) on June 1st. </span></div>
<div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Here are some highlights:</span></div>
<pre><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></pre>
<pre><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">HAREC Wheat
Field Day</span></b></pre>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">June
1, 2012</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3:00-5:00
PM</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Oregon
State University Extension Service specialists and researchers from OSU's
Department of Crop and Soil Science will host an irrigated wheat field day on Friday,
June 1, from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m at the Hermiston Agricultural Research and
Extension Center. Refreshments will be provided.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Wheat
growers, industry representatives, and the general public are invited to tour
the research plots and learn about the current research efforts in irrigated
wheat production.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Topics that will be
covered include soft and hard winter wheat varieties; stripe rust; soilborne
wheat mosaic virus; planting date and seeding rate information; and nitrogen
management in winter and spring wheat. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Additionally, grower and industry input will
be gathered for future research projects. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">For more
information, contact Mike Flowers, OSU Extension cereals specialist at
541-737-9940; or Don Horneck, OSU Extension agronomist at 541-567-8321.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-49650925112516573182012-04-26T16:52:00.000-07:002012-04-26T16:52:44.552-07:00Stripe Rust Levels Lower in 2012<!--[if !mso]>
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Update:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Stripe rust has developed slower this year than in 2011, with levels lower than
2011 or 2010. There have been a few reports of it in Umatilla and Walla Walla
Counties, but it is not widespread and is about normal for the stage of
development for wheat in the area. In eastern Washington and northeastern
Oregon, stripe rust has started showing up, but still remained hard to
find. Dr. Xianming Chen, USDA ARS, Pullman, was checking fields in western
Whitman, Columbia, Walla Wall, Franklin, and Adams counties in eastern
Washington and around Pendleton and Hermiston (Umatilla Co.) in eastern Oregon
this week. He notes that winter wheat ranged from early jointing (Feeks
4) to early boot (Feeks 10). He only found stripe rust on lower leaves of
one volunteer plant in our stripe rust nursery (planted in late September) near
Walla Walla. No stripe rust was found on any entries and spreader rows of
a highly susceptible genotype. No stripe rust was found in any commercial
fields checked including those around Prescott and in the Horse Heaven
Hills. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
following graph, provided by Dr. Mike Flowers, OSU, shows the generation time
which is <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the time from infection to
visible stripe rust in Hermiston area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As the temperatures increase, the generation time decreases.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As you can tell from the graphs, the
generation time for stripe rust is currently running around 15-20 days,
depending on location.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Figure:
Stripe Rust Generation, April 24, 2012</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeQx2gAv6zANVDEuwDSun0DsMflRN_adkUf0jjteG-Izyl5Q2ON1CbBZaugwgxq2C8SLu4uhO0avf9sFVUQZL-RyZ2_m8HPp0Vwc6jljqa8tDk_W_twdEuEPPUKuQz6bL_7SFxUscoGBfC/s1600/Stripe+Rust+Generation+Graphs+4-24-12-2.tif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeQx2gAv6zANVDEuwDSun0DsMflRN_adkUf0jjteG-Izyl5Q2ON1CbBZaugwgxq2C8SLu4uhO0avf9sFVUQZL-RyZ2_m8HPp0Vwc6jljqa8tDk_W_twdEuEPPUKuQz6bL_7SFxUscoGBfC/s320/Stripe+Rust+Generation+Graphs+4-24-12-2.tif" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Please
check your fields before spraying. Our general recommendation is no spray
without seeing rust and spray when rust reaches to 1 to 5% prevalence (percent
of plants with rust pustules). Based on current low stripe rust
pressure, susceptible and moderately susceptible varieties may just need only
one application at the flag-heading stage; and moderately resistant varieties
may or not need to spray fungicides (depending upon weather
conditions in May) according to Dr. Chen. The long-term weather forecast
for May to July just issued today predicted a slightly cooler than average
(just 1<sup>o</sup>F difference) for the PNW. </span></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-71930399233276743312012-03-06T12:08:00.002-08:002012-03-06T12:08:23.305-08:00Stripe Rust Forecast and Update by Dr. Chen<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Stripe
Rust Forecast and Update</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">March
5, 2012</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Xianming
Chen</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Field survey</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On
March 1, I was checking wheat fields in Whitman, Columbia, Walla Walla, Benton,
and Franklin counties in Washington, mostly south of Highway 26.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Plants
ranged from two-leaf stage to early jointing (Feekes 1-5), depending upon
planting time and region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In most wheat
fields, plants were still in winter dormancy and did not grown much compared to
growth stages in early November, but became uniform especially in late planted
fields.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No rust was found in any of the checked
fields.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was no obvious winter
injury or other diseases. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Prediction and management
suggestion </span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Using
a series of forecast models based on various weather parameters from December
to February (Sharma-Poudyal and Chen, Phytopathology 101:544-554, 2011), the
new prediction<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>of potential yield loss
caused by stripe rust on susceptible winter wheat varieties is 35±5%, dropping
from the 47% forecasted based on only the December<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>weather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This level is within a moderate epidemic category.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The prediction is based on historical yield
loss and weather data of the Palouse region and is applicable for most wheat
growing regions in the Pacific Northwest, except western Washington, western
Oregon, and southern Idaho as these regions have very different weather
patterns.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc1wD_bFjx73fwsij6s3EfybaRiMFkP8CnfeHtA1dxpR31lNbScQ61OvS9WgCZHLa7mF6YoBJ0d71OWRlHN_e4rmdG1ngMA_zsRizP-VxXsKAcYxyJMLesfkhRTL3k8jVMT4SbEsEmr0eb/s1600/111103+stripe+rust+horse+heavens.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc1wD_bFjx73fwsij6s3EfybaRiMFkP8CnfeHtA1dxpR31lNbScQ61OvS9WgCZHLa7mF6YoBJ0d71OWRlHN_e4rmdG1ngMA_zsRizP-VxXsKAcYxyJMLesfkhRTL3k8jVMT4SbEsEmr0eb/s400/111103+stripe+rust+horse+heavens.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Stripe Rust in 2011.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span></span>With the moderate level of
damage potential, susceptible and moderately susceptible varieties may need to
be sprayed with fungicide (possibly just once) and resistant and moderately
resistant varieties may not need spray.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span></span>Please keep in mind that the current prediction can be realized only if
the weather conditions from now throughout the remaining growing season are
normal (past long-term averages).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If May
and June are unusually cool and wet, just like in 2010, stripe rust would be
severer than the current prediction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On
the other hand, if the weather conditions from April to June are drier and from
May to June hotter than normal, stripe rust would be lower than the current
prediction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span></span>Nevertheless, based on the current prediction
and field observations, stripe rust will definitely not be as severe as 2011
(but still have possibilities to be as severe as in 2010), applications of
fungicides may not be necessary until you see stripe rust (5-10% incidence) in
your fields.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span></span>Checking fields should be started from later
March in eastern Oregon and southern-central Washington (Horse Heaven Hills,
Connell areas, and Walla Walla) and from middle April in areas further north
and east in Washington and Idaho.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
western Washington, stripe rust should be visible as always in this time of the
year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Application of fungicides together
with herbicides in fields grown with susceptible and moderately susceptible
varieties should be a standard procedure for maximizing profit every year in western
Washington. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Current stripe rust situations in
other states</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Stripe
rust was first reported in Arkansas on January 27, in Mississippi on January
30, in California in the last week of February, and in Texas on March 1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stripe rust has been developing and spreading
quickly in Arkansas and Mississippi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The recent storms and tornadoes would have
spread stripe rust spores to infect wheat fields in states further north and
east.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-38780083143065378162012-01-04T14:04:00.000-08:002012-01-04T14:04:01.262-08:00First Forecast of Stripe Rust for the Pacific Northwest in 2012<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">January
2, 2012, by Dr. Xianming
Chen, USDA ARS, Pullman, Washington</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Based on the 2011 December temperatures, stripe rust
yield loss on highly susceptible winter wheat cultivars is predicted to be
47%.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The value is calculated using the
formula Y (yield loss) = 84.3 – 0.323X, where X is the absolute value of the
accumulated value of negative degree days based on daily maximum temperatures.The negative degree day value for a day equals
the maximum temperature (<sup>o</sup>C) subtracted by 7 (<sup>o</sup>C). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">This is the first of a series of models we use
to predict stripe rust damage on susceptible cultivars for the major wheat
growing region in the Pacific Northwest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>For more information about this formula and other formulas, you may
refer to our recent publication (<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Sharma-Poudyal,
D., and Chen, X. M. 2011. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Models
for predicting potential yield loss of wheat caused by stripe rust in the US
Pacific Northwest. Phytopathology 101:544-554).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">If we classify stripe rust yield losses into four
categories, low (equal to or less than 20%), moderate (more than 20% but equal
to or less than 40%), severe (more than 40% but equal to or less than 60%), and
extremely severe (more than 60%), the predicted level of 47% for 2012 indicates
a severe level, higher than normal (35%).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>For comparison, the 2010 stripe rust epidemic caused 60% yield loss and
the 2011 caused more than 90% on highly susceptible winter wheat cultivars.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Please keep in mind
that this prediction is based on the winter weather so far.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the weather conditions from now to June
are close to normal, the prediction will be very close to the real disease
situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The other models using the
weather data from the entire November to February give better predictions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our next forecast will be in early March. </span>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-59483797857562657222011-12-06T13:25:00.001-08:002011-12-06T13:31:49.692-08:00OSU Cereal Seminar & Sustainable Ag Forum<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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Stripe rust, wireworm control, new drill prototype,
microbiology and nitrogen fertilizer management are just a few of the wide
array of topics to be covered at the Columbia Basin Cereal Seminar &
Sustainable Ag Forum on December 14 present in partnership by OSU Extension and
Umatilla County Soil and Water Conservation District. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The open session will begin with a conservation research
update in low rainfall zones by Bill Schillinger of Washington State University
in Lind, Washington. Dr. Schillinger’s work has focused on reduced and no-till
dryland cropping systems for cereal crops in the Pacific Northwest. He will be
talking about the <span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">development and testing of new deep-furrow drill prototypes, his
successes with winter triticale, and no-till summer fallow. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">In addition, McGregor Company will be bringing a section of their new
deep-furrow drill to the seminar and it will be on display at the BMCC Ag
Complex where the seminar lunch will be served. In the afternoon breakout
session on Precision Ag, Paul Buchholtz of McGregor Company will present
additional information about the drill and how their testing and development
program is going for it use in the PNW.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Other presenters during the morning session will include
“Stripe Rust Impacts on Wheat,” Chris Mundt, OSU pathologist, “Pesticide Drift
Prevention Strategies,” Cory Cooley, ODA pesticide investigator, “Wireworm
Biology and Control in Wheat,” Aaron Esser, WSU Extension agronomist,
“Microbiology: some tricks up our sleeves,” Kate Reardon, USDA ARS, “Wheat Insect
Pests,” Silvia Rondon, OSU Extension entomologist, and an Update from Oregon
Wheat Commission and Oregon Wheat Growers League.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The afternoon will have two tracks of presentations: Track
One- Precision Ag will cover deep furrow, high residue drill update, early
seeded canola, managing nitrogen using optical sensors, and a panel of growers
talking about their on-farm use of variable rate fertilizers. Presenting
growers include Herb March of Milton Freewater, Berk Davis of Adams, and Bill
Jepsen of Heppner, Oregon.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Track Two for the afternoon will be a pesticide CORE
training session covering “Principles of IPM,” “Drift: What is it, when does it
happen, and how can we prevent it,” “Sprayer Calibration,” and “Testing Your
Knowledge: Pesticide Jeopardy.” </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
For a detailed agenda: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/sites/default/files/cereals/2011_columbia_basin__ag_forum_agenda.pdf" target="_blank">Columbia Basin Cereal Seminar & Sustainable Ag Forum</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pesticide recertification credits and Certified Crop Advisor
credits are available in the morning and afternoon session. See full agenda for
details. There is a $10 registration fee for the seminar which includes lunch.
To preregister go online to: <a href="http://www.umatillacountyswcd.com/">www.umatillacountyswcd.com</a>
or call Shevon at OSU Extension office (541) 278-5403.</div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-4019132933029740052011-12-05T11:19:00.001-08:002011-12-06T11:28:09.611-08:00Christmas wish lists<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
With Christmas fast approaching, perhaps you are working on a wish list of new iron to add to your packages under the Christmas tree? With that in mind, and having read Craig Reeder's recent column in the Oregon Wheat Magazine, I thought I should share with you a revised publication from the University of Idaho.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When I receive calls about the cost of equipment and local leasing rates for different farming practices this is the only resource that I have to provide to growers that provides an analysis of farm machinery costs. With ongoing economic pressures farmers need to continue paying attention
to managing their machinery resources, now more than ever. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The longstanding trend of substituting financial capital for labor by adding
more productive and higher capacity machinery has resulted in large amounts of capital being used annually to acquire
and operate farm machinery. On today’s commercial farm, substantial components
of both capital investment and annual production costs are machinery related.
As a result, farmers must not overlook effective strategies to manage their machinery resources. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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Effectively managing machinery resources requires having adequate
answers on a continuing basis to the following questions:</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span>What size of machinery is most economical?<span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>How much machinery is needed for a given acreage
and/or crop mix?</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Should machinery be leased, rented,
custom-hired, or purchased?</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span>Should new or used machinery be purchased?</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span>How long should machinery be kept before it is
replaced?</li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A farmer needs to know machinery costs to deal effectively with
these management questions. Yet, many farmers do not keep adequate records of
machinery costs.The link below will take you to the full publication and tables for the publication which can help you answer some of the questions listed above:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: black;">PNW 346, Costs of Owning
and Operating Farm Machinery in the Pacific Northwest, 2011</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/edComm/pdf/PNW/PNW0346/PNW0346.html">http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/edComm/pdf/PNW/PNW0346/PNW0346.html</a></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">Happy Holidays, and best wishes in the coming year.</span> </span>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-23402654623724875222011-11-08T09:41:00.000-08:002011-11-08T09:41:10.036-08:00Stripe Rust Fall Infection Levels<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
The following observations of stripe rust fall infection levels were made by Dr.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Xianming Chen, USDA ARS, Pullman on November 3, 2011 in eastern Washington:</span>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">On
November 3, we were checking stripe rust infection in winter wheat fields along
Highway 23, Platter Rd, Doerschlag Rd, Lake Rd, Stromberger Rd, and Danekas Rd
in Whitman, Adam, and Lincoln counties and the Horse Heaven Hills region in Benton
County in Washington.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wheat ranged from
non-emerged to early jointing (Feekes 5).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We only check fields with big plants (Feekes 3-5) as big plants were
more likely to be infected.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
found stripe rust pustules in 6 fields out of a total of 15-20 fields that were
carefully checked: two fields west of St. John and east of Sprague along HW 23
in Whitman County (<span style="color: #0000cc;">Fig. 1</span>); one field along
Stromberger Rd in Lincoln County near the Adam County border; one field along
Doerschlag Rd; one field along Danekas Rd about five miles east of Ritzville in
Adams County and one field in Horse Heaven Hills in Benton County (<span style="color: #0000cc;">Fig. 2</span>).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We
were able to found only 1 or 2 leaves with rust pustules in each of the fields.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEo4G_JeOtiXrI2VOwVL8a-Vyq7IoArgTiMXWUxDPj82Q57a8-Ufz4o98nt2AmxMOMnMQvNBuW-3PyxYV6QQ-O4d4HUGP-1a_sU2OnabcjYHGlSSu9djUsFx5KJWqgH_3ZgrNu73JLcoqB/s1600/111103+stripe+rust+whitman+co.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEo4G_JeOtiXrI2VOwVL8a-Vyq7IoArgTiMXWUxDPj82Q57a8-Ufz4o98nt2AmxMOMnMQvNBuW-3PyxYV6QQ-O4d4HUGP-1a_sU2OnabcjYHGlSSu9djUsFx5KJWqgH_3ZgrNu73JLcoqB/s320/111103+stripe+rust+whitman+co.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fig. 1: Stripe rust, November 3, 2011 near Colfax, WA</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In
contrast to the big hotspots found in the Horse Heavy Hills region and other
regions in Washington in early November, 2010, the rust infection level and
distribution found yesterday were much lower.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This level of stripe rust infection is expected based on the dry weather
conditions in September this year.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Stripe
rust infection was found on volunteer wheat plants in the middle of October in
Mt Vernon (northwestern Washington) as usual when our people were planting
winter wheat nurseries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stripe rust was
also reported by Dr. Juliet Marshall to be occurring on volunteer wheat plants
in October in southern Idaho.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></div>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc1wD_bFjx73fwsij6s3EfybaRiMFkP8CnfeHtA1dxpR31lNbScQ61OvS9WgCZHLa7mF6YoBJ0d71OWRlHN_e4rmdG1ngMA_zsRizP-VxXsKAcYxyJMLesfkhRTL3k8jVMT4SbEsEmr0eb/s1600/111103+stripe+rust+horse+heavens.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc1wD_bFjx73fwsij6s3EfybaRiMFkP8CnfeHtA1dxpR31lNbScQ61OvS9WgCZHLa7mF6YoBJ0d71OWRlHN_e4rmdG1ngMA_zsRizP-VxXsKAcYxyJMLesfkhRTL3k8jVMT4SbEsEmr0eb/s320/111103+stripe+rust+horse+heavens.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fig. 2: Stripe rust, November 3, 2011 in Horse Heaven Hills area, WA</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
finding of stripe rust in winter wheat fields allows us to know the level of
infection before the winter, which will help us to predict disease situation
for the next year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is no action
for growers to take for most of the regions in the PNW until next February or
March, except for selection of spring wheat cultivars to grow in next spring
(resistant cultivars should be always considered anyway).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the weather starts getting cold, stripe
rust spores on the leaf surface will be killed and the fungus will sleep as
mycelium within the infected but not sporulated leaves during the winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the sleeping rust mycelia may be killed
by harsh winter and some will survive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The level of the survival will depend on how cold and how much
snow-cover during this winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A recent
weather prediction says that this winter for the PNW will be colder than normal
(<a href="http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/news/articles/late-fall-winter-outlook_2011-10-24"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/news/articles/late-fall-winter-outlook_2011-10-24</span></a></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN" style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If, this prediction will be true, we should
not have stripe rust as bad as this year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We will wait to see how cold the winter will be and have our first
forecast in February for stripe rust in the PNW next year. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>People in the south-central states may need to
check for stripe rust earlier as that weather prediction indicates a warmer
winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-71860918886715718562011-10-06T14:48:00.001-07:002011-10-06T14:48:39.659-07:00OWGL Fall Workshop for Umatilla County Growers<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">October 19 – Umatilla County Meeting & Dinner – Pendleton Convention Center, 5:00 pm.</span></b><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The PGG Buckle Club will join us for the Social hour and Dinner following the meeting. </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Topics/Speakers:</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="-moz-font-feature-settings: normal; -moz-font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Forecast for the 2012 Legislative Session</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="-moz-font-feature-settings: normal; -moz-font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Jana Jarvis, OWGL Lobbyist; PGG Marketing Update; </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="-moz-font-feature-settings: normal; -moz-font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Dinner keynote – Blake Rowe, Oregon Wheat CEO.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">All wheat producers and industry supporters are invited and encouraged to attend OWGL events. RSVP is not required,</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"></span></div><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10pt;">but appreciated. Watch your mailbox and/or inbox for details and RSVP </span>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-2114063904445888902011-08-26T16:00:00.000-07:002011-08-26T16:00:48.175-07:00Winter Wheat Variety Comparisons<!--[if !mso]> <style>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-pagination: none;"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">The following table combines stripe rust disease readings from the Oregon Statewide Elite Variety trials and yields of those same varieties at the Pendleton/Ruggs and Hermiston sites. I am highlighting only the most commonly planted winter wheat varieties. The complete results of disease notes and yields from the trials are available online at <a href="http://www.cerealcentral.com/">www.cerealcentral.com</a>. It is interesting to note the different levels of infection at the two different sites. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; mso-pagination: none;"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">I have included the 2 and 3 year averages when available – realizing that yields were impacted in 2010 and 2011 by stripe rust. 2009 was a year with low stripe rust levels and it is beneficial to include those yields in the average when available. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: none;"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ansi-language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;">While weather conditions may return to drier patterns, researchers in Oregon and Washington have noted that stripe rust races have changed and so long-term we will need to respond also. Fortunately, two years have given our wheat breeders an opportunity to do some serious selections for stripe rust resistance but it will take a few years to reap the benefits and bring those selections into our production system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"><span>My <a href="http://www.cerealcentral.com/">CerealCentral website</a> and August Newsletter provide more in depth information for your planning purposes. Enjoy!! </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVrgtw8svPbRMJm-wn6T0r6pvt6rquhavR-0DsLKizN3KSdytTqmrnvLdGHf8GV9GFkzhwYKzOLv-RZTr6JjH0j59ECRxI_seuc8sbf8obdg5z6Zre02bPXThLMQYxPUBFQUM_WnGDdOT9/s1600/110826+stripe+rust+by+variety.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVrgtw8svPbRMJm-wn6T0r6pvt6rquhavR-0DsLKizN3KSdytTqmrnvLdGHf8GV9GFkzhwYKzOLv-RZTr6JjH0j59ECRxI_seuc8sbf8obdg5z6Zre02bPXThLMQYxPUBFQUM_WnGDdOT9/s400/110826+stripe+rust+by+variety.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Winter Wheat Stripe Rust Infection vs. Yield Comparison, 2011</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"><span> </span></span><span lang="en-US" style="language: en-US; mso-ligatures: none;"></span></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-45599867577513968062011-08-18T12:59:00.000-07:002011-08-18T12:59:56.078-07:00Planting considerations Part TwoI got some reaction to yesterday's posting about which varieties one might steer away from planting because of their susceptibility to strip rust infection. The issue of variety selection is often one of that involves several considerations, but if all other things were equal - one would select the top yielding variety for the area that you grow wheat in. In Umatilla County we have long-term average yields that range from 25 bu. to 90+ bu. and our plant breeders have provided a selection of varieties for these different production areas.<br />
<br />
When deciding which variety to plant, if for example you are in a high production area, you would probably want to select the highest yielding variety with the highest level of strip rust resistance. So perhaps you would choose Legion over Tubbs06.<br />
<br />
<br />
This year, we were able to control the stripe rust through timely treatments with fungicides and it turned out to be a good investment. I don't have hard numbers for the acres treated in Umatilla County, but I estimate that 90% of 250,000 acres were treated once, another 40% treated a second time and maybe 25% treated a third time for a total treated acreage of about 387,000. Treatment costs varied but even with saving the application costs by tank mixing with herbicide treatments in early spring, I estimate fungicide treatments costs growers about $3.6 million in 2011.<br />
<br />
These additional production costs were fairly easy to swallow as prices were good and yield potential was higher than average. If these variables change, which they always do, then the choice might be harder to make. <br />
<br />
Let me know where you think we should be headed, but long term I think we will need to look at varieties with higher levels of resistance to the current stripe rust races rather than relying on fungicides. Short term I think we are setup for a possible repeat of last fall with early infections of stripe rust, and we should plan accordingly.<br />
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Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-81904232942101561342011-08-17T16:12:00.000-07:002011-08-17T16:12:39.518-07:00Early winter wheat planting considerations<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hopefully, you are wrapping up harvest in the next few days! All reports I have heard have been very positive, so no one is complaining about finishing up late. Yet, with the excellent moisture conditions and the cool night time temperatures, it looks like we will be seeing significant amounts of early seeding in the area.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Early seeding likely faces two challenges this fall. One is aphids and the second is fall infections of stripe rust.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> On the topic of aphids, if you are seeding early, prior to October 15<sup>th</sup>, an insecticidal seed treatment is your best management tool to prevent aphids transmitting Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV). Especially in areas adjacent to irrigated fields of corn, last fall, we saw a migration of aphids to early seeded wheat. Fall infections of BYDV can seriously impact yields. Typically, delaying seeding until later in the fall will reduce the level of infection due to a shorter window of opportunity for aphids to infect the plants. Fall aerial applications of insecticides can be effective, but it is challenging to get the timing right. Always scout your fields before making crop management decisions.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">The second challenge that we face this fall is one we have been talking about since the field days in June – the potential for fall infections of stripe rust. Given the high inoculum levels we experienced this past growing season, and the below average temperatures that have continued most of the summer, it is very likely we will again see fall infections of stripe rust in our area. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">In our drier parts of the area, the benefits of early seeding still outweigh delaying. The only remaining option is to look at variety selection. The following list, provided by the Mike Flowers and the OSU Cereal Breeding Program, is based on their many observations across the state this past season. These varieties are the most susceptible to stripe rust and should be avoided if possible:</span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShading" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;"> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 113.4pt;" valign="top" width="151"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5;"><b><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Soft White Winter</span></b></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 117.0pt;" valign="top" width="156"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1;"><b><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Hard Red Winter</span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">AP Badger</span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">AP Paladin</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">AP Legacy</span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Bauermeister</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Goetze</span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Esperia</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Tubbs 06</span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Genesi</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Xerpha</span></div></td> <td colspan="2" style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">UICF Grace</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><br />
</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">WB Rimrock</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68;"><br />
</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="background: silver; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: text1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">WB Tucson</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 108.9pt;" valign="top" width="145"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4;"><br />
</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 121.5pt;" valign="top" width="162"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themeshade: 191;">Whetstone</span></div></td> </tr>
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</td> <td style="border: none;" width="156"><br />
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</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fall application of fungicides for stripe rust control are not recommended as fall/winter environmental conditions may provide some levels of control. It will be important to scout fields, regardless of variety, in late February or early March, depending on growing conditions and weather. If stripe rust is found an application of fungicide is recommended, and can possibility be tank mixed with spring herbicide applications.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Thanks to Mike Flowers, OSU Cereal Specialist, for information he provided for this article. </span></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-74040119959308161212011-06-08T14:13:00.000-07:002011-06-08T14:13:36.987-07:00Stripe Rust - HTAP is finally kicking in!Mike Flowers, Oregon State University Cereal Specialist, is offering the following observations at our CBARC and Ruggs OWEYT trials.<br />
<br />
GOOD NEWS<br />
It appears that HTAP is finally kicking in. On many varieties it was very difficult to find active rust. Of course there were exceptions like Tubbs 06, Xerpha, and AP Legacy.<br />
Also several varieties are showing hypersensitive reactions like OR2040726 (little to no active rust, but lots of yellow).<br />
<br />
Growers in the area seem to have stayed on top of the rust and kept it under control (there are exceptions). Hopefully this will keep the rust load down for the remainder of the year and next fall.<br />
<br />
BAD NEWS<br />
<br />
The crop is late. Neither site was headed yet, which means we are 10-14 days behind. <br />
<br />
There will be plenty of moisture for early seeding as we continue to get rain. This sets us up for fall stripe rust infections and may mean we will see another bad rust year. So variety selection this fall will be very important.<br />
Be sure to attend one of the <a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/cereal-newsletter">OSU Station Field Days</a> near you next week to get more information on this topic and other research farming cereals in the Pacific Northwest.Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-19639090484121638772011-06-03T10:11:00.000-07:002011-06-03T10:11:43.211-07:00Stripe rust & late growth stage applications<div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 7.68pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span>We are reaching, if not past in some areas, the point where fungicide applications are effective in controlling stripe rust. Remember -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;">applications at late growth stages (past flowering) usually do not increase yield regardless of rust level. </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 7.68pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;">Also watch your applications to insure that you don't exceed the maximum rate for the season. Also carefully read if the fungicide label is using a maximum stage of growth such as <a href="http://nue.okstate.edu/GSchart.htm">Feekes 10.5</a> and/or a Pre Harvest Interval (PHI) of a minimum number of days to harvest. </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 7.68pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;">Hopefully, with temperatures in the 80's over the next several days we will at least have some drier and warmer conditions in the fields.</span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 7.68pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;">Visit <a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/cereals">CerealCentral</a> for the latest newsletter which includes Field Day Schedules for Hermiston, Pendleton, and Moro Cereal Field Days.</span></span></div><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden" /><!--Session data--><input id="jsProxy" onclick="jsCall();" type="hidden" /><div id="refHTML"></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-17016358601484013952011-05-05T15:21:00.000-07:002011-05-05T15:21:07.082-07:00Potiental yield losses to Stripe RustDr Chen, USDA ARS in Pullman, shared the following table: <a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/sites/default/files/cereals/pdf/1081_wwyl_sum.pdf">Stripe Rust losses with and without fungicide </a><br />
last winter. This experiment was conducted in the Pullman, Washington area under natural infection conditions in 2010. The table shows that Tubbs and Xerpha losses in the 23-26% range.<br />
<input id="gwProxy" type="hidden" /><!--Session data--><input id="jsProxy" onclick="jsCall();" type="hidden" /><div id="refHTML"></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2692674945765210812.post-2508311459689518272011-05-05T13:47:00.000-07:002011-05-05T13:47:01.578-07:00Stripe rust update, May 5, 2011<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal">Mike Flowers, Chris Mundt, Larry Lutcher and Mary Corp, of Oregon State University, provided the following information in their Stripe Rust Seminar this morning. The webcast seminar connected 8 sites across eastern Oregon with over 30 growers and crop consultants in attendance to learn the latest update on stripe rust conditions across the wheat growing regions of the Columbia Plateau and central Oregon. Here are some of the topics covered:</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Stripe rust pressure</b> continues to build across the region, but the answer to the dilemma is in the details of each grower’s field conditions, stage of growth and wheat variety susceptibility to stripe rust. Growers are faced with questions both about what is currently happening in their fields and then also what are their best options for seeding this fall. OSU Extension webcast this morning focused on these two key questions for wheat growers across the Columbia Basin: Do I need to treat a second time for stripe rust? And what wheat variety should I be planting in the fall of 2011? </div><br />
Both questions center on the level of susceptibility of the various wheat varieties and the current strains of strip rusts being seen in fields. Mike Flowers, OSU Cereal Specialist, noted that he sees about three grouping of varieties –<br />
<ul><li>Highly susceptible, </li>
<li>Moderately susceptible, and </li>
<li>Mostly resistant.</li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">So far this year, Flowers has observed that varieties that are holding up well under dryland conditions are ORCF 101 and Skiles. This is the same result he saw last spring when stripe rust conditions were a problem. Yet it is worth noting that this year, the problems started last fall and have continued to increase under our cool wet spring conditions.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The next level of susceptibility with only moderate resistance or susceptibility, depending on if your cup is half empty or half full, are the varieties - Legion, ORCF 102 and Stephens. Finally, the most susceptible are Tubbs, Xerpha, Legacy and Goetze.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Many acres had an earlier application of fungicide applied at the same time as the herbicide. The stripe rust control provided by those applications are running out, and fields with susceptible varieties need to be closely monitored. Remember if you see 10% live spores on the leaves, then you likely have 40-50% infection as there is a 2 week delay in appearance of the spores following infection.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Flower’s summary remark at the end of today’s broadcast – was <b>“Don’t let it (stripe rust) get ahead of you.” </b>Many fields are currently seeing stem elongation, but don’t yet have flag leaf emergence. Plants usually show 4 joints on the stem prior to the flag leaves according to Lutcher. These plant development stages are helpful in gauging the timing of fungicide applications to maximize the control window during late spring applications. The real world realities of getting the application scheduled and finding enough good hours to get the application on the field may be a greater deciding factor about pulling the trigger for many growers especially with highly susceptible varieties to moderately susceptible varieties.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Chris Mundt, OSU Pathologist, also added the caveat that when the wheat plant reaches the flowering stage it is too late to have any affective control of the stripe rust with fungicide application so growers need to realize that if the treatment window get passed there is no benefit in continuing to treat.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Next week, we can talk more about the question of what to plant this fall,</div><div class="MsoNormal"> <i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Mary</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">If you have additional comments and thoughts, please post below. </div><input id="gwProxy" type="hidden" /><!--Session data--><input id="jsProxy" onclick="jsCall();" type="hidden" /><div id="refHTML"></div>Mary K. Corphttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13454159635509546251noreply@blogger.com0